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Alcoholafhankelijkheid: een inadequate copingstrategie? ...Samenvatting
Hoewel cognitieve gedragstherapie (cgt) een effectieve behandelmethodiek
voor verandering van problematisch alcoholgebruik is, is het nog
onduidelijk
hoe cgt haar effectiviteit bereikt. Gebaseerd op nieuwe bevindingen
uit neurobiologisch onderzoek is men de laatste jaren verslaving
steeds meer gaan zien als hersenziekte. Een vergelijking tussen het cognitief-gedragstherapeutische behandelmodel en het neurobiologische verslavingsmodel
levert nieuwe inzichten op in de werkingsmechanismen
van cgt voor alcoholafhankelijkheid. De effectiviteit van cgt is naar alle
waarschijnlijkheid toe te schrijven aan de invloed die ze heeft op het controlesysteem
in de hersenen door het verbeteren van de besluitvormings- en
zelfcontrolevaardigheden.
cgt zou haar effectiviteit kunnen vergroten
door zich ook te richten op alle vier onderliggende neurobiologische systemen
van verslaving: beloning, motivatie, leren/geheugen en controle. Hiervoor
zou gebruikgemaakt kunnen worden van al bestaande interventies.
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